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Imagine a basket of sand, oscillating harmonically on a string. When there is a hole in
the basket, so that the sand pours down on the ground, a dune of sand emerges. We admit
that the amount of falling sand is constant with time, and we neglect the horizontal
velocity of the sand 1). Then the profile of
the sand dune has a curve as shown in the drawn curve. notes 1) It may be more proper to do the experiment with light instead, so that we can neglect the horizontal movement of the falling property. |